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SQL General Data Types
Each column in a database table is required to have a name and a data type.
SQL developers have to decide what types of data will be stored inside each and every table column when creating a SQL table. The data type is a label and a guideline for SQL to understand what type of data is expected inside of each column, and it also identifies how SQL will interact with the stored data.
The following table lists the general data types in SQL:
NO Data type Description
1 CHARACTER(n) Character string. Fixed-length n
2 VARCHAR(n) or Character string. Variable length. Maximum length n
3 CHARACTER VARYING(n)
4 BINARY(n) Binary string. Fixed-length n
5 BOOLEAN Stores TRUE or FALSE values
6 VARBINARY(n) or Binary string. Variable length. Maximum length n
BINARY VARYING(n)
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8 SMALLINT Integer numerical (no decimal). Precision 5
9 INTEGER Integer numerical (no decimal). Precision 10
10 BIGINT Integer numerical (no decimal). Precision 19
11 DECIMAL(p,s) Exact numerical, precision p, scale s. Example: decimal(5,2) is a number that has 3 digits before the decimal and 2 digits after the decimal
12 NUMERIC(p,s) Exact numerical, precision p, scale s. (Same as DECIMAL)
13 FLOAT(p) Approximate numerical, mantissa precision p. A floating number in base 10 exponential notation. The size argument for this type consists of a single number specifying the minimum precision
14 REAL Approximate numerical, mantissa precision 7
15 FLOAT Approximate numerical, mantissa precision 16
16 DOUBLE PRECISION Approximate numerical, mantissa precision 16
17 DATE Stores year, month, and day values
18 TIME Stores hour, minute, and second values
19 TIMESTAMP Stores year, month, day, hour, minute, and second values
20 INTERVAL Composed of a number of integer fields, representing a period of time, depending on the type of interval
21 ARRAY A set-length and ordered collection of elements
22 MULTISET A variable-length and unordered collection of elements
23 XML Stores XML data